The supporting tissues are known as the periodontium, which includes the gingiva (gums), alveolar bone, cementum, and the periodontal ligament.
Gum disease also known as gingivitis is caused by an excessive build up of bacteria which create plaque. If plaque is formed under and around the gum line it causes inflammation, swelling and bleeding leading to gum and bone loss
Treatment
Teeth become loose leading to discomfort and a reduction in function. There is a link between heart disease and periodontitis, and with many other medical conditions (diabetes, for example) good healthy gums are essential. It is possible to treat gum disease (periodontitis) using a variety of techniques; deep cleaning of the teeth, improving home oral hygiene, and surgery.
The treatment chosen will depend on the severity of the disease and will be explained to you fully. It will be tailored to your individual needs. In severe cases treatment can be carried out under sedation